LUSOPHONISMS IN THE 9th EDITION OF DICTIONNAIRE DE L’ACADÉMIE FRANÇAISE. CASE OF “ROMANCE” BORROWINGS

The article contains an analysis of Portuguese loanwords contained in the digital version of the 9th edition of Dictionnaire de l’Académie française. The online version of the dictionary offers several new features permitting simple and in-depth analysis of its contents based on various criteria, among which the etymology. The dictionary includes 102 items labelled as Portuguese loanwords, out of which the majority is borrowed from African, American, and Asian languages. Some lexicologists consider Portuguese mainly as an intermediary for the transmission of exotic words in French. Without denying this role of Portuguese, the article puts a particular emphasis on some 30 loanwords coming directly from Portuguese and having Latin roots. Besides the presentation of their treatment in Dictionnaire de l’Académie française, the article presents the chronology of their penetration into French and describes their further evolution. In terms of semantic fields, they mainly refer to society and its functioning (case, caste, créole), geography (capverdien/ne, ria, sertao), arts in the broad sense (baroque, fado, matchiche), zoology (cachalot, cobra, pintade), and some other fields. The analysis focuses on their semantic changes in French, their terminological use, their specialization in some varieties of French used outside France and their presence in several phraseological collocations.