The seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine neosporosis (Neosporum caninum) in Belisario Quevedo, Cotopaxi-Ecuador

Bovine neosporosis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Neosporum caninum, leading to abortions in cattle, reduced milk production, and reproductive disorders. In Ecuador’s rural sectors, reports of this disease have been very limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum using indirect ELISA (ELISA-i) in Belisario Quevedo, a region with high livestock activity, and to identify the risk factors associated with seropositivity. Serum samples were analyzed using the IDEXX NEOSPORA Ab kit, detecting antibodies in 30% of the cases. Additionally, the chi-square test revealed a significant association (p<0.025) between N. caninum infection and risk factors, specifically age and reproductive method (natural mating vs. artificial insemination). The seroprevalence of N. caninum, along with these findings and associated risk factors, has a significant impact on the livestock industry due to its adverse effects, primarily on reproduction. Therefore, it is crucial to implement preventive measures and monitoring strategies to prevent the spread of bovine neosporosis.