Transmittance spectra of photonic crystals with semiconductor, superconductor and graphene components.

Abstract Using the transfer matrix method, transmittance was studied in 1D photonic crystals composed of superconductor (HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ), semiconductor (Galium Arsenide GaAs) and graphene materials. Specifically, the influence of graphene on the transmittance spectrum is analyzed. In the theoretical calculations, the type of photonic crystal considered was a superconductor-block crystal, the block being a succession of semiconductor layers with graphene sheets embedded between them, theoretically modeling as an effective medium. The transfer matrix method is used to calculate the transmittance of the different structures considering electromagnetic waves with TE polarization. The electrical permittivity of the superconductor was obtained from the two-fluid model. Phenomenological results characterize the variation of the critical temperature and the penetration depth of the superconductor as well as dependence of the permittivity of the semiconductor with temperature and pressure, respectively. By comparing the transmittance
spectrum of the photonic crystals considered, it was possible to identify the effect of the graphene sheets inclusion on the optical properties of them. The main changes observed are the displacement, increase and decrease in the size of the photonic gaps of the transmittance spectrum obtained on the superconductor-block crystal structure. Likewise, the changes produced by thermodynamic factors such as temperature, pressure and geometry of the structures are analyzed.