Numerical Simulation of Human Head Temperature: New Data and Comparison

Controlling the temperature of the human head is vital for health and performance. Excessive heat can lead to conditions such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke. Since the head is a key area for dissipating heat, managing its temperature helps prevent overheating and related health issues. In this study, the bio-heat governing equation was solved using the finite difference method. The effects of ambient temperature (-10 to 40°C), air velocity (0 to 3 m/s), cerebral blood flow (0.1 to 9.45 kg/m3 s), and skin blood flow (0.1 to 3.2 kg/m3 s) on the temperature distribution in the head were investigated. The results showed good agreement with published data. The effect of cerebral blood flow was significant on brain temperature. While other parameters only changed the temperature of the outer layers of the head, the brain temperature remained stable. The spherical assumption of the head geometry used in the current numerical heat transfer analysis is a common simplification to reduce computational complexity. However, this assumption introduces certain limitations and can impact the generalizability and accuracy of the results, particularly when applied to real human head geometries.