Fluorescent polymer nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and synergistic osteosarcoma therapy

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor that predominantly affects adolescents, with symptoms including localized pain and swelling. DKK1 , an antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway, plays a pivotal role in tumor progression. This study presents a novel fluorescent nanocarrier ( PLA-PEG-RhB ) designed for the targeted delivery and controlled release of a therapeutic combination of compound 1 and doxorubicin (DOX) (CP1@1@DOX). The PLA-PEG-RhB carrier, composed of rhodamine B, PLA, and PEG, enhances drug bioavailability and targeting while enabling real-time fluorescence tracking. The synergistic effect of compound 1 and DOX within the nanocarrier significantly inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation and reduces tumor growth, minimizing toxicity to healthy cells. In vitro, PLA-PEG-RhB@CP1@ 1 @DOX suppressed osteosarcoma cell proliferation by regulating DKK1 expression and blocking key tumor progression pathways. This study highlights the potential of fluorescent nanomedicine combined with targeted chemotherapy for osteosarcoma treatment.