Antibiosis of Paenibacillus spp. can promote the bactericidal effect of anaerobic soil disinfestation at low temperatures

Abstract Our previous study reported that three Paenibacillus strains promoted the bactericidal effect against Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum at low temperatures such as 25 °C for anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) (Pitti et al. 2024). The bactericidal effect against R. pseudosolanacearum was lower for ASD at 25 °C because of less production of Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ in the soil than ASD at 30 °C. However, the three Paenibacillus strains exhibited antagonistic activity against R. pseudosolanacearum at 25 °C, thereby suppressing the revived growth of the pathogen after ASD. Furthermore, this effect was possible because the three Paenibacillus strains were resistant to the bactericidal properties of Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ .