Adaptive Dynamic Programming for Voltage Regulation in Standalone Photovoltaic System with Unknown Loads and Uncertain Dynamics

This study introduces an adaptive optimal control system for voltage regulation of unknown DC loads connected to photovoltaic systems, addressing the uncertain parameters of DC-DC converters under varying environmental conditions. The controller's primary function is to maintain stable voltage at the load terminals despite environmental fluctuations, specifically solar irradiation and temperature changes. To achieve optimal control with unknown system dynamics, we implement a Policy Iteration (PI) algorithm based on an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) technique. This approach is particularly effective for handling uncertainties in both system dynamics and environmental conditions. To validate the proposed method, extensive simulations are conducted under different scenarios. The results demonstrate robust voltage regulation capabilities across diverse weather conditions.