Galectins, antibodies to them and galectin-3 binding protein in systemic lupus erythematosus

The study of galectins is provoked by the search for new biomarkers of activity, clinical manifestations, and disease outcomes of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The presented literature review summarizes the data on the most well-known galectins-1, -3, -9, as well as antibodies to galectins and galectin-3-binding protein, obtained in culture studies, in animal models of lupus and in patients with SLE.