Effect of turmeric nanoparticles on gene expression of biofilm gene in Staphylococcus aureus

Turmeric is a highly potent, bioactive, and nontoxic agent, it has been known for centuries as a household remedy to many ailments. The only disadvantage that it suffers from is poor bioavailability and low aqueous solubility. The aim of the present study was to develop a method for the preparation of nanoparticles of turmeric and analyze the substance's behavior, average particle size, composition, dispersion, crystal shape, structure, and phase purity. The assessment of these was conducted using the following techniques: hemolysis, antioxidant activity, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-visible spectrophotometry, and examine the effect of its antimicrobial properties, study gene expression of Ica A and Ica D after and before treatment with turmeric nanoparticles. Nanoparticles of turmeric were prepared by a process based on green biosynthesis, it is chosen because it is non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and occasionally more effective against microorganisms than the more costly, energy-intensive, and potentially environmentally hazardous physical and chemical methods. According to the test FTIR, the peaks appeared to have been interpreted for pure nano-turmeric; the absorption peaks in this study proved that the main components of the samples were ''curcuminoids''. Moreover, the turmeric nanoparticles were spherical with an average size of 49.8nm. The decomposition analysis of this substance proved that turmeric nanoparticles do not cause hemolysis, and the antioxidant test showed that turmeric nanoparticles are safe for humans. When testing aqueous nanoparticles on S. aureus, the presence of turmeric nanoparticles resulted in a greater inhibition of bacterial growth. This inhibition occurred at a concentration of 1000 g/ml of turmeric nanoparticles. Employ real-time PCR to examine the impact of turmeric nanoparticles on s. aureus, both before and after treatment at a concentration of 1000 g/ml. The result showed that the gene expression of Ica A (biofilm gene) is inhibited with turmeric nanoparticles to half. Fold change decreases from 1.06 to 0.46, and p. vula =0.015, but the effect on Ica D is no significant and the result showed a decrease in gene expression and fold change decrease (1.06-0.77).