Dose Distributions of Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Dosimetric Analysis

Background: In adults, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most prevalent cancers. With the development of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), a number of reports have recently shown increased safety and encouraging outcomes in patients with unresectable intrahepatic malignancies treated with radiation to a portion of the liver. Several modalities have been used in the treatment of HCC.Purpose: To analyze the correlation of radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) with patient-related and treatment-related dose-volume factors for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT).Methods: Between June 2022 and May 2024, 14 patients were diagnosed with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and were assigned to receive palliative 3D conformal radiotherapy 50 Gy over 25 fractions.Results: there were 11 patients who completed their radiotherapy course 50 Gy over 25 fractions while 3 patients didn’t complete their sessions due to adverse events such as fatigue and GIT symptoms. The coverage of 95% of the planning target volume (PTV) mean was 94.5% (90%-97%),the mean dose of liver was 26.5 Gy (21 Gy -30 Gy), while the mean dose of liver minus gross tumor volume (GTV) was 23 Gy (18 Gy -27 Gy). The mean dose of both kidneys was 12.7 Gy (3.7Gy-18Gy), the spinal cord maximum dose ranging between (5 Gy-32 Gy). While the absolute volume of bowel that received 45 Gy was ranging (105 cc- 200cc) meant 159cc.Conclusion: Dose-volume histogram analysis can be effectively used to quantify the tolerance of the liver to RT.