Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in Women Experiencing Miscarriage and Molecular Insights in AL-Anbar Region

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is the primary cause of many sexually transmitted diseases. This infection is widespread globally and can last a long time, traveling upward through the genital system. This quiet infection within cells is linked to harmful effects on pregnancy, such as the risk of miscarriage. Objective: Evaluation of gene expression of Chlamydia trachomatous among women who experienced miscarriage and seronegative for the bacteria. Methodology: The research was conducted at several hospitals and laboratories between December 2023 and August 2024. 55 patients and 110 controls who had undergone previous legal abortion due to intrauterine death were included in the study. Vaginal swabs were taken from each case and analyzed using Chlamydia Antigen ELISA technique, and PCR for Chlamydia trachomatis. Results: All patients were seronegative for Chlamydia trachomatis. The successful amplification of the Chlamydia trachomatis gene through multiplex conventional PCR was considered a favorable result for PCR Chlamydia trachomatis. Among the 55 DNA samples taken from vaginal samples, zero was positive for OMP A, 30 (54.55%) were positive for CPAF gene, and 33 (60%) were positive for TOX gene, 25 (45%) were positive for Tarp gene indicating the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis p-value < 0.001 Conclusion: Polymerase chain reaction has proven to be a more effective and efficient method for diagnosing Chlamydia using nucleic acid amplification tests. Our findings suggest a connection between Chlamydia trachomatis infection and miscarriage, underlining the importance of early detection and treatment of this infection in pregnant individuals to potentially prevent miscarriages.