Integrated Microcavity Network Enhances Fluid-Thermal Transport for Efficient Multi-Heat Source Evaporation Management

Flexible water management textiles can achieve effective liquid-thermal evaporation by harvesting exogenous heat. However, existing textiles exhibit limited evaporation capacity and cooling efficiency due to undesirable water-heat transport structures. Inspired by the human skin’s efficient heat dissipation mechanism through sweat evaporation, we propose an integrated multiheat source evaporation module concept. The interpenetrating structure of disperse fibers and porous conductive pores endows this material with synergistically enhanced radial water diffusion rate and thermal energy transmission efficiency, as validated by the infrared droplet diffusion tests and solute diffusion models. Compared to traditional nonwoven fabric, the integrated evaporation module-3 exhibits stable and lower “rebound low temperature values” in 120 consecutive evaporation cycles, with a peak temperature difference of 5.43 °C. The performance efficiency per unit of water evaporation is increased by over 100%, and the thermal diffusion coefficient along the thickness gradient is increased by 20 times. By integrating reduced graphene oxide photothermal conversion media, the device is entirely driven by solar thermal energy, achieving an evaporation rate of ∼1.45 kg m–2 h–1. Notably, dynamic temperature difference tracking tests validate the potential of this integrated structure in solar-driven multistage passive evaporation systems and its flexibility for deployment on complex heater surfaces (such as human skin). We anticipate that the integrated module concept will provide promising design guidelines for next-generation high-efficiency multiheat source management components.