Chlorinated Bithiophene Imide‐Based n‐Type Polymers: Synthesis, Structure–Property Correlations, and Applications in Organic Electronic Devices
Developing electron-deficient (hetero)arenes with optimized geometries and electronic properties is imperative for advancing n-type polymers and organic electronic devices. We report here the design and synthesis of two chlorinated imide-functionalized electron-deficient heteroarenes, namely chlorine-substituted bithiophene imide (ClBTI) and its fused dimer (ClBTI2). The corresponding polymers show a near-planar framework, appropriate frontier molecular orbital levels, and good solubility. When integrated into organic thin-film transistors, ClBTI2-based n-type polymer afforded unipolar electron mobility of up to 0.48 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>. The binary all-PSCs based on PM6 and new polymers show a power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 1%. Interestingly, by introducing these polymers with ordered structure, high crystallinity, and sizable electron mobility as the third component into the host system PM6:PY-IT, continuous interpenetrating networks with large fibrillar structures can be formed. Investigations of charge transfer kinetics and energy loss analyses unveiled that ClBTI2-based n-type polymer P(ClBTI2-BTI) enables optimized charge transport, reduced charge recombination, and minimized non-radiative loss within the all-polymer ternary blends, yielding a remarkable PCE of 19.35% (certified: 19.20%) through optimizing the state-of-the-art PM6:PY-IT blend. The structure-property-performance relationships provide valuable insights into the design of electron-deficient (hetero)arenes and n-type polymers, marking a great progress in the development of high-performance n-type polymers for organic electronic devices.
Authors
- Sergio Gámez‐Valenzuela (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2690-2331)
- Wei Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-2700)
- Jianbin Zhong
- Kui Feng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-3996)
- Guangye Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2750-7720)
- Ruijie Ma (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-5164)
- Wenchang Wu
- Huiliang Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8525-7264)
- Qingqing Bai
- Suxiang Ma
- Sang Young Jeong
- Han Young Woo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-7482)
- Xugang Guo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6193-637X)
- Junwu Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-782X)
- Qian Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-9511)
- Bin Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0956-2777)
- Hao Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-8957)
- Henan Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9147-6420)
- Enmin Huang
- Li Niu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3652-2903)
Institutions
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Korea University (KR)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Southern University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Guangzhou University (CN)
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (CN)
- Gannan Normal University (CN)
- Shenzhen Technology University (CN)
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry (CN)
- South China University of Technology (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Published
- 2025-03-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202423616
- Citations
- 8
- Primary Topic
- Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 5.84
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China