PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERSTANDING OF EDUCATION AS A SOCIO-CULTURAL PHENOMENON BASED ON SOCIO-ANTHROPOLOGICAL IDEAS OF THINKERS OF THE PAST AND PRESENT

The article examines the anthropological code of Ukrainian culture and civilisation and its role in forming the individual’s spiritual values and civic education. The study analyses Ukraine’s rich cultural heritage, including literary works, philosophical concepts, and historical facts. By studying the anthropological code of Ukrainian culture and civilisation, modern scholars provide an in-depth analysis of the Ukrainian people’s cultural and civilisational aspects. Attention is paid to the issues of identity, traditions, and values that form the unique image of the Ukrainian nation. In the 1990s, spiritual values were considered an essential element of civic education, highlighting their importance in forming a responsible and active personality. Referring to M. Kotsiubynskyi’s literary works, we have concluded that they provide essential cultural contexts for understanding the era and national identity. The novels Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors, Persona Grata, Fata Morgana, Intermezzo, and The Dream highlight deep social, economic, and political issues facing Ukrainian society. Philosophical and historical works explore the relationship between politics, history, and education, emphasising the importance of the synergy of modern knowledge in the formation of educational ideas. For example, in historical research, scholars provide an in-depth analysis of political and social processes in Ukraine in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, revealing the evolution of political parties and organisations. In anthropocentric studies of the relationship between aesthetic and moral ideals in the worldview of Ukrainian thinkers, the importance of these ideals in shaping the national outlook is emphasised. The sources we have analysed form a comprehensive picture of the anthropological code of Ukrainian culture and its significance in modern society.