Analysis of Pharmacotherapy of Arterial Hypertension in Multimorbid Patients

Introduction . Arterial hypertension (AH) is the most common chronic non-communicable disease, especially among individuals over 60 years old, where its prevalence exceeds 60%. The relationship between blood pressure (BP) levels and the risk of cardiovascular events is observed across all age groups. The aim of the study was to assess the adequacy of antihypertensive therapy in outpatient multimorbid patients of different age groups. Materials and methods . The study included 323 outpatient patients with verified AH (92 men and 231 women). Patients were divided into three age groups: middle-aged, elderly, and old age. The frequency of achieving target BP levels, the structure of antihypertensive therapy, and the prescription of lipid-lowering and antiplatelet agents were evaluated. Results . The severity of AH did not differ between the groups. In the elderly groups, patients with high cardiovascular risk and comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes and osteoarthritis predominated. The most frequently prescribed medications were inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (94.1%). Target BP levels were mainly achieved due to systolic pressure (60%), while diastolic pressure was only controlled in 22% of cases. Discussion . The results are consistent with previous studies. Conclusion . AH in elderly patients is associated with high comorbidity and cardiovascular risk. Achieving target BP levels is possible with combination therapy, including renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers and calcium antagonists. Additional treatment strategies are needed to reduce the residual risk of cardiovascular diseases.