Importance of the Johnson-Cook Material Model Parameters in Simulation Studies of the Cutting Process

Computer simulations of various manufacturing processes have become increasingly common in recent years. In machining, their primary goal is to rationalize the planning of experimental studies and to observe phenomena occurring in the cutting zone that cannot be observed otherwise. Another significant aspect is the ability to numerically verify many different process variants before conducting an experiment. Simulations are run based on an appropriate material model describing the tribomechanical behaviour of the material. Typically, this is the Johnson-Cook model, represented by five numerical parameters. However, to properly select the J-C model for calculations, one must understand how individual parameters affect the final simulation outcome. This study shows that it is possible to select many different sets of J-C model parameters that meet the equation conditions but yield different simulation results. Therefore, this paper shows the influence of individual numerical parameters of the J-C model on the simulation results, such as cutting forces, temperature distribution, chip morphology, etc. The tests and analyses presented in this paper were performed for AISI 321 austenitic steel.