Flaws in the Various Extended Lévêque Series Solutions for the Second Graetz Problem along with Replacement Solutions

The present article examines the integrity of the extended Lévêque series solutions of the second Graetz problem engaging uniform wall heat flux that have been published in the heat convection literature over several years. Various flaws have been identified and scrutinized in three extended Lévêque series solutions that are available. To remedy the ongoing anomalies, a comprehensive regression analysis is investigated to search for an empirical correlation equation as a potential replacement to the three extended Lévêque series solutions. Interestingly, a couple of empirical correlation equations have been constructed in this work, which exhibits exceptional quality in the designated sub–domain of operation.