Analysis of the current status of probiotic drug development

The aim of the work is to analyze the current state of the creation of probiotic preparations. Materials and methods. The work analyzes strains of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Saccharomyces and other genera. Methods for obtaining probiotics are considered, including the selection of producer strains, the scheme and parameters of culturing producers, collection and concentration, lyophilization, formulation of the product composition, selection of the dosage form. Following technological methods for obtaining dosage forms of probiotics are used: capsules, emulsions, hydrogels, suppositories, tablets, etc. Results. The main functions of probiotics in various parts of the human body are considered. Bacterial strains that are part of prophylactic and medicinal preparations are analyzed. The creation of new probiotic preparations is carried out in several directions: the creation of recombinant microorganisms by genetic engineering methods and the development of new generation therapeutic preparations to improve human health, as well as the development of probiotic delivery systems into the human body. Engineered probiotics are a type of new microorganisms obtained by modifying the original bacteria and yeast. The possibility of using a new generation of strains (Akkermansia muciniphila, Ruminococcus bromii, etc.) that demonstrate high therapeutic potential in the treatment of metabolic diseases is discussed. New data and a deep understanding of the microbiome have helped to identify useful commensals and their therapeutic potential. The prospects for the use of probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics in preparations, including a new generation of probiotic strains, are shown. The effectiveness of probiotic products for restoring the microflora of the oral cavity, intestines and vagina in various dosage forms was assessed: hydrogels, capsules and tablets. Conclusions. Functional products of probiotic and postbiotic origin have antiviral, antibacterial and antitumor activity. Probiotics are effective and safe, have high therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of diseases of various etiologies. Various dosage forms of probiotics are highly effective for restoring the microbiome of the human body. The prospects for the use of various probiotic strains, including a new generation of microorganisms, are discussed