A Study on Evaluation and Comparison of Various Properties of Ordinary Portland Cement with Bacterial Concrete

Bacterial Concrete, also widely known as Self-Healing Concrete (SHC) in practical field , is an advanced material that uses microorganisms capable of precipitating calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) to heal cracks in concrete structures. This study discovers the key features, types, advancements, and comparative performance of SHC against Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Author finds Bacterial concrete enhances durability, reducing permeability, and improves mechanical properties, making it a sustainable alternative to conventional concrete. The methodology used by resercher involved testing cement properties of opc and SHC, including water absorption, slump value, flexural strength, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and setting times. Etc . Experimental results indicate that SHC has superior properties compared to OPC. We also finds Water absorption is lower (3.44% and 3.79%) , indicating better durability. SHC exhibits improved workability with a higher slump value (65 mm and 56 mm) for opc and bacterial concrete . after test results we concluded Flexural strength is significantly higher showing enhanced resistance to bending forces. Advancements in SHC include nano-encapsulation techniques for controlled bacterial activation, integration with AI and IoT sensors for early crack detection, and application in 3D printing for self-repairing structures. Are also discussed in this paper by writers . The research highlights that combining SHC with geopolymer concrete and fly ash further enhances its performance. Authors also pointed that While cost and large-scale implementation remain challenges, ongoing researches should aims to optimize bacterial longevity and cost efficiency, positioning bacterial concrete as a practical replacement for conventional cement in the future.