Implementing kagome lattice photonic crystal structure for high-speed terahertz applications

Terahertz (THz) communication is a promising way to meet the growing need for more rapid and trustworthy wireless communication. It has the potential to provide data speeds that surpass those of current systems. THz communication is significant in telecommunications due to its ability to transfer data at high speeds and manage the growing number of internet-connected devices. The photonic crystal (PhC) plays a vital role in achieving a high data rate. This article introduces the innovative kagome lattice PhC structure featuring the distinct Gingham pattern patch antenna (GPPA) which operates at the frequency of 2.09 THz. The GPPA structure is designed and examines performances like return loss (RL), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), directivity, and bandwidth. By integrating the GPPA structure with the kagome lattice PhC structure, the antenna characteristics are further improved. The cylindrical air pores in the kagome lattice are tuned for various diameters to find the optimal GPPA-based PhC structure. The optimized GPPA-based kagome lattice PhC antenna delivers −61.08 dB RL, 1.0031 VSWR, 8.812 dBi gain, 8.895 dB directivity, and 0.496 THz bandwidth. The proposed antenna structure is applicable to detect tumor detection. The antenna characteristics are obtained as −44.10 dB RL, 1.0125 VSWR, 7.987 dBi gain, 8.192 dB directivity, and 0.406 THz bandwidth with the presence of tumor cells. Because of its effective bandwidth delivery, the suggested GPPA architecture is well-suited to applications requiring high data transfer rates, such as those in the medical field, and advanced wireless communication.