Perceptions of Health System Professionals on Integrating Fertility Care into Reproductive Health Policy in China

<b>Background</b>: Infertility is a neglected global public health issue, particularly in the Global South, where policy interventions and research remain limited. In China, rising public demand and declining birth rates have renewed interest in integrating fertility care into reproductive health policies, though operational challenges and systemic gaps persist. <b>Objectives</b>: This study aims to explore the perceptions of health system professionals regarding the opportunities and barriers to integrating fertility care into China's reproductive health policy. <b>Methods</b>: This qualitative study involved 31 interviewees, including health system leaders (n = 5), health practitioners (n = 21), and civil society advocates (n = 5), from November 2023 to October 2024. The transcribed and anonymized data were thematically analyzed using MAXQDA version 2020, guided by the World Health Organization's health system building blocks framework. <b>Results</b>: Interviewees reported that integrating fertility care has markedly improved service accessibility and quality, driven by strong governmental leadership. They identified opportunities for further progress through focused government initiatives, expanded public-private partnerships, and the adoption of international best practices, while also noting obstacles such as operational challenges, systemic policy gaps, uneven resource distribution, and persistent cultural stigma. <b>Conclusions</b>: The findings underscore the need for a robust national policy framework, sustainable funding mechanisms, and enhanced primary healthcare capabilities, along with cultural advocacy and awareness campaigns to reduce stigma and foster equitable access.