Factors Influencing Participation of Students in Teaching Learning Process at Undergraduate Level in University Of Malakand

The study aims to explore the key factors contributing to students’ participation in classroom activities. The factors considered include teaching methods, student confidence, cultural and language barriers, instructor engagement, classroom environment, poor academic performance, course overload, family social problems, fear of the opposite gender, and depression. A qualitative approach was used, Population of the study were all the female students in department of education University of Malakand which were 264 in number, with the help of raosoft online calculator 10 female students from semester 4 and 8 of education department were selected as a purposive sample, data were collection through a structured interview question, thematic analysis of the data revealed 3 themes and 9 sub-themes. The findings indicate that low participation is primarily affected by teachers' behavior and students' lack of prior knowledge. Gender-specific issues, course overload, and fear of making mistakes also contribute significantly. Other factors identified include distance from the university, depression, involvement in sports.