Optimized Operation of Integrated Energy Systems with Hydrogen-Ammonia Coupling

To enhance the utilization efficiency of renewable energy (RE) and reduce carbon emissions (CE) from integrated energy systems (IES), this study proposes a solution that combines a hydrogen-ammonia hybrid energy storage system (H-A ESS) with ammonia co-firing technology in coal-fired power units (CFPU). Initially, the paper introduces the Power-to-Ammonia (PtA) and ammonia storage facilities into the IES and equips CFPU with an ammonia-mixing co-firing module. Subsequently, an day-ahead optimized operation model was developed with the objective of minimizing the operational costs of the IES. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model was validated through comparisons across multiple scenarios and different models. Hydrogen storage system (HSS) show advantages under lower RE output levels, whereas H-A ESS is more advantageous at higher levels of RE output. In summary, against the backdrop of gradually increasing RE installation capacities, the H-A ESS fully leverages the individual strengths of HSS and ammonia storage system (ASS), effectively enhancing the economic efficiency and low-carbon operational performance of IES.