Simulation Analysis of Ultrasonic High-Voltage Cable Joint Lead Seal Positioning Based on COMSOL

Phased array technology can detect internal lead seal defects in high-voltage cable joints, but its successful application relies on a clear understanding of the joint structure and precise knowledge of the lead seal position. Due to the complex structure of the joint, the exact position of the lead seal cannot be determined after installation, leading to difficulties in identifying defects and low detection rates. This paper proposes an ultrasonic-based multilayer positioning detection method for high-voltage cable joints. Initially, models of different structural regions were established based on physical joint samples. Subsequently, ultrasonic scan analysis was performed on three distinct structural regions using COMSOL simulation software: the tail pipe segment, the lead seal edge, and the lead seal segment. The simulation results demonstrate that ultrasonic echoes can accurately identify each layer's structure, providing a theoretical basis for multilayer structural positioning detection of high-voltage cable joints.