The experience of elementary school heads encountering natural calamities and strategies to mitigate the impact: Philippines’ context

This study explores the struggles and adaptive strategies of elementary school heads in Paoay, Ilocos Norte, in the aftermath of severe flash floods. Employing descriptive phenomenology, the lived experiences of fifteen school heads were examined through purposive sampling and online open-ended questionnaires. Thematic analysis revealed four primary challenges: psychological stress, communication barriers, resource limitations, and disruptions to educational continuity. In response, school heads adopted strategies including enhanced digital communication, improved safety protocols, efficient resource management, and the implementation of alternative learning modalities. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive disaster preparedness and recommend that educational authorities prioritize crisis management plans, resilience training, and the establishment of support networks to equip school leaders for future emergencies.