Experimental and Computational Study of Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage in a Net-Zero Carbon Building

This study presents an experimental study into the seasonal cycles of an underground thermal energy storage (TES) system used for heating an energy efficient house. The analysis is based on two years of continuous measurements from the experiment. The key factors for the sustainable development of renewable energy are to increase the efficiency of the use of solar thermal energy by solving the problem of seasonality and inconsistency of solar activity. Based on the results of the work, the results of monitoring the generation and consumption of heat energy by house systems were analyzed. The consumption of electrical energy for home heating and domestic hot water supply, through the use of heat pump (HP), TES, and solar collectors (SC), decreased from 5180 kWh in 2021 to 3050 kWh in 2023, representing a reduction of 41%. The integration of TES and land-based SC for home heating and hot water supply, combined with photovoltaic (PV) panels and electric charging of electric vehicle (EV), enabled the achievement of net-zero carbon emissions in 2023.