THE EFFECT OF EGGSHELL HYDROXYAPATITE POWDER AND AUTOLOGOUS BONE MARROW ON THE HEALING OF BONE DEFECTS IN RABBITS

The repair of bone defects remains a challenge for clinical orthopedic surgery. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of using eggshell hydroxyapatite (eHA), which was prepared previously from avian eggshell by hydrothermal method and autologous bone marrow aspirated from the femoral bone, on the healing of bone gap defect on the radius bone of the right forelimb in rabbits. This study was conducted on 28 male rabbits divided randomly into four groups each (n=7); in all experimental animals (10 mm length × 2mm width), a bone gap was induced at the mid-shaft of the radius bone reaching the marrow cavity at the right forelimb. The defect in GI was left open as a control group without any additives. In GII, the bone gap was filled with eHA powder; in GIII, it was filled with eHA powder. The bone gap was filled with autologous bone marrow, and in GIV, the bone defect was equally filled with a combination of eHA and bone marrow. Experimental animals were followed up clinically, radiographically at (2, 4, 6, 8) weeks post-operatively, and histopathologically at (4, 6) weeks post-operatively. The radiological and histopathological findings revealed promising results in treated groups compared to a control group, with the best results in the combination of eHA and autologous bone marrow. In conclusion, the use of eHA and autologous bone marrow is considered a beneficial graft material in bone defect regeneration. Vpliv prahu hidroksiapatita iz jajčne lupine in avtolognega kostnega mozga na celjenje kostnih poškodb pri kuncihIzvleček: Sanacija kostnih defektov ostaja izziv za klinično ortopedsko kirurgijo. Zato je bil namen te raziskave oceniti učinek uporabe hidroksiapatita iz jajčne lupine (eHA), predhodno pripravljenega iz jajčne lupine ptic s hidrotermalno metodo, in avtolognega kostnega mozga, pridobljenega iz stegnenice, na celjenje kostnega defekta na radialni kosti desne sprednje okončine pri kuncih. Študija je bila izvedena na 28 samcih kuncev, naključno razdeljenih v štiri skupine (n = 7); pri vseh poskusnih živalih (dolžina 10 mm × širina 2 mm) je bila ustvarjena kostna vrzel na sredini desne koželjnice, ki je segala do kostnega mozga. Vrzel v skupini GI je ostala odprta kot kontrolna skupina brez kakršnihkoli dodanih snovi. V skupini GII je bila kostna vrzel zapolnjena s prahom eHA. V skupini GIII je bila kostna vrzel zapolnjena z avtolognim kostnim mozgom, v GIV pa s kombinacijo eHA in kostnega mozga. Poskusne živali so bile klinično spremljane, rentgensko pregledane 2 tedna ter 4, 6 in 8 tednov po operaciji, histopatološko pa 4 tedne in 6 tednov po operaciji. Radiološke in histopatološke ugotovitve so pokazale obetavne rezultate v zdravljenih skupinah v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino, pri čemer so bili najboljši rezultati pri kombinaciji eHA in avtolognega kostnega mozga. Sklenemo lahko, da uporaba eHA in avtolognega kostnega mozga velja za koristen presadni material pri regeneraciji kostnih defektov. Ključne besede: hidroksiapatit; prah iz lupine ptičjih jajc; avtologna aspiracija kostnega mozga; kostna vrzel