DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF IDIOPATHIC OLIGOASTHENOTERATOZOOSPERMIA (OAT) WITH A COMBINATION OF CLOMIPHENE CITRATE (CLOMID®) AND VITAMINS E, C AND B IN A MALE CAUCASIAN DOG

A two-year-old Caucasian male dog weighing 55.4 kg was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital with the complaint of infertility. History evaluation revealed that he had mated ten bitches in the last eight months impregnating none of them. Clinical examination, laboratory investigations and semen evaluation were performed twice, 60 days apart. Semen and sperm parameters were poor with low percentage motility and vitality, low concentration, and high percentage of sperm abnormalities. No significant bacteria were isolated from cultures of the semen and preputial swab. Scrotal ultrasonography showed no evidence of testicular degeneration. Pre-treatment serum hormonal evaluation showed normal concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), testosterone, thyroxin (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), prolactin and resting cortisol as well as low bicarbonate level. Haematology revealed evidence of leucocytosis. Based on the history, clinical examination and laboratory findings, the case was diagnosed as idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). Here, a possible management of idiopathic OAT in a Caucasian dog with oral Clomiphene citrate (Clomid®) together with Vitamins E, C and B supplements for 60 days is described. Altogether, there was a marked improvement in the semen and sperm parameters at 90 days from the onset of treatment. Semen volume increased, together with increased sperm motility, vitality and concentration, and decreased percentage of sperm with morphological abnormalities. Diagnoza in zdravljenje idiopatske oligoastenoteratozoospermije (Oat) s kombinacijo klomifen citrata (Clomid®) in vitaminov E, C in B pri kavkaškem psuIzvleček: Dveletni kavkaški pes, težak 55,4 kg, je bil pripeljan v veterinarsko kliniko zaradi neplodnosti. Anamneza je pokazala, da se je v zadnjih osmih mesecih paril z desetimi psicami in nobene od njih ni oplodil. Klinični pregled, laboratorijske preiskave in ocena semena so bili opravljeni dvakrat v razmaku 60 dni. Kakovost semena je bila slaba, z nizko koncentracijo semenčic z nizkim odstotkom gibljivosti in vitalnosti ter visokim odstotkom semenčic z morfološkimi nepravilnostmi. Iz kultur semena in brisa prepucija niso izolirali patogenih bakterij. Ultrazvočna preiskava skrotuma ni ugotovila degeneracije mod. Hormonska ocena seruma pred zdravljenjem je pokazala normalne koncentracije folikel stimulirajočega hormona (FSH), luteinizirajočega hormona (LH), testosterona, tiroksina (T4), trijodotironina (T3), prolaktina in kortizola v mirovanju ter nizko raven bikarbonata. Pri hematološki preiskavi je bila ugotovljena levkocitoza. Na podlagi anamneze, kliničnega pregleda in laboratorijskih preiskav je bila postavljena diagnoza idiopatske oligoastenoteratozoospermije (OAT). V literaturi je opisano 60-dnevno zdravljenje idiopatske OAT pri kavkaškem psu s peroralnim klomifen citratom (Clomid®) in z dodatki vitaminov E, C in B. Opaženo je bilo izrazito izboljšanje parametrov semena v 90 dneh od začetka zdravljenja. Povečal se je volumen semena, povečale so se gibljivost, vitalnost in koncentracija semenčic, odstotek semenčic z morfološkimi nepravilnostmi pa se je zmanjšal. Ključne besede: oligoastenoteratozoospermija; pasja neplodnost;klomifen citrat; vitamini