CREATION AND EVOLUTION OF THE SYSTEM FOR VERIFYING VEHICLE COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE ECMT GUIDE AND THE 1997 UN AGREEMENT

This study examines the creation and development of a System in Europe for verifying the compliance of the design and technical condition of freight wheeled vehicles with the requirements of the ECMT Resolutions/Guides within the framework of the ECMT multilateral quota. The main stages of the System’s development regarding the identification and implementation of the following aspects are defined: – the introduction of the “green lorry” concept for trucks/semi-trailer tractors meeting EURO I standards; – procedures for checking the roadworthiness of trucks and trailers; – validation authorities authorized to verify the roadworthiness of vehicles and issue ECMT certificates; – ECMT legal acts defining market rules, vehicle requirements, and administrative procedures within the ECMT quota, including the ECMT Multilateral Quota User Guides (Resolutions) of 2001, 2005, 2014, 2022, and 2026; – evolution of technical and environmental safety requirements from “greener and safe” to “EURO VI/6 safe” lorries in line with ECMT Guides. For classifying lorries within the ECMT quota based on environmental properties, new definitions — “ECMT vehicle clas-sification” and “ECMT vehicle category” — have been proposed. It has been concluded that the System in Europe was established between 1993 and 1995. The main steps in creating the Ukraine’s national System for checking wheeled vehicles involved in international road traffic have been studied: – the 1999 appointment of the Validation Authority responsible for vehicle roadworthiness verification and ECMT cer-tificate issuance; – the 2009 designation of the Executive body responsible for technical inspection of vehicles per the 1997 UN Agree-ment; – establishing a network of laboratories from 2006 to participate in vehicle checking; – consolidation of the vehicle verification System according to ECMT requirements with international technical inspec-tion per the 1997 UN Agreement; – implementation of modern methods for monitoring the vehicle inspection process — photo documentation, video surveillance, and monitoring of inspection documents; – introduction of information technologies and electronic databases for vehicle documents, inspection results, photo documents, video recordings, and electronic registers using servers and cloud storage; – ensuring the circulation of issued ECMT certificates throughout their life cycle. The authors of the work are finalizing the development of two standards that will improve the regulatory framework of the System Paths to enhance the efficiency and transparency of the System have been outlined, with the implementation of the 2026 Guide. Keywords: wheeled vehicle, ECMT multilateral quota, roadworthiness test, ECMT certificate, international technical inspection certificate.