Development of an AI-Based Pyramid Convolutional Neural Network Model with ResNet and Coati Optimization for Multi-Crop, Multi-Disease Identification in Leaf Images

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has paved the way for innovative solutions in agriculture, particularly in crop disease detection. Diagnosing plant diseases often rely on manual inspection and expert knowledge that time-consuming and prone to errors. As agriculture faces increasing challenges from pests, diseases and climate change, there is a pressing require for efficient, automated systems to monitor crop health. In this manuscript, Development of an AI-Based Pyramid Convolutional Neural Network Model with ResNet and Coati Optimization for Multi-Crop, Multi-Disease Identification in Leaf Images is (PCNN-ResNet-COA) proposed. Initially the data is collected from Plant Disease Classification Merged Dataset. This dataset includes both healthy and diseased leaves for various crop types. The collected images are organized into categories based on the crop type such as crop, grape and soybean and disease condition healthy or various types of diseases. Then the categorized images are fed to Pyramid Convolutional Neural Network with Residual Network (PCNN-ResNet), for identifying and classifying the Leaf Images as Corn_healthy, Corn_northern_leaf_blight, Corn_gray_leaf_spot, Grape_healthy, Grape_leaf_blight, Grape_black_rot, Grape_black_measles, corn_common_rust, soybean_bacterial_blight, Soybean_downy_mildew, Soybean_mosaic_virus, Soybean_powdery_mildew, Soybean_healty, Soybean_rust, and Soybean_southern_blight. In general, PCNN-ResNet does not express any adaption of optimization methods for determining optimal parameters to assure precise detection and classification of Leaf Images. Coati Optimization Algorithm (COA) is proposed for improving the weight parameter of PCNN-ResNet classifier that accurately predicts crop yield. The proposed PCNN-ResNet-COA method is implemented and analyzed with help of performance metrics like accuracy, precision, F1-score, computational time is evaluated. The proposed ResNet-COA approach attains 18.97%, 24.57% and 32.68% higher accuracy and 19.84%, 24.93% and 31.62% lower computational time with existing method respectively.