Josef Albers’ Structural Constellations: Investigating Formulations of Laminated Plastics Through Correlating the Industrial Literature with Scientific Analysis

Josef Albers' <i>Structural Constellations</i> series, created between 1948 and 1966, represents a pioneering exploration of plastic laminates as an artistic medium. Leveraging the unique properties of these materials, including their smooth surfaces, vibrant coloration, and precision in router engraving, Albers created machine-engraved works featuring intricate geometric compositions. This study combines archival research with scientific analysis to examine over fifty artworks and archival samples from the Josef and Anni Albers Foundation (1948-1970). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and digital microscopy were employed to identify polymer types and analyze surface morphologies. Chemometric methods were applied to process the substantial dataset, offering key insights into Albers' evolving material choices and their impact on the visual and structural properties of his works.