Correlation Analysis of Biological Effects of P53 Mutant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with DCE-MRI Features

Objective: To explore the correlation between the biological effects of P53 mutant and P53 wild-type in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) signs, semi-quantitative parameters, and quantitative parameters. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 68 patients diagnosed with TNBC at Baotou Cancer Hospital from December 2022 to August 2024, including 48 cases of P53 mutation and 20 cases of P53 wild-type. The differences between the two groups were compared in MRI signs including [lesion maximum diameter, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), lesion morphology, quantity, lymph node metastasis, intratumoral T2WI signal intensity, peritumoral edema, and early enhancement pattern], semi-quantitative parameters [signal enhancement ratio (SER), maximum enhancement rate (Epeak), time to peak (TTP), wash-in rate, wash-out rate, briefness of enhancement (BoE), and area under the curve (AUC)], and quantitative parameters [volume transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (Kep), and extracellular extravascular volume fraction (Ve)]. Results: Compared with TNBC-P53 wild-type, TNBC-P53 mutant showed differences in intratumoral T2WI high signal, early ring enhancement, Epeak, TTP, Ktrans, and Kep (P<0.05), while there was no statistical difference between the two groups in patient age, menopausal status, lymph node metastasis, and MRI signs including maximum diameter, ADC value, morphological appearance, quantity, peritumoral edema, and semi-quantitative parameters SER, wash-in, wash-out, BoE, AUC, and quantitative parameter Ve (P>0.05). A binary logistic regression model was used for analysis, and TTP and Ktrans were found to be more effective in determining mutation status. Conclusion: Intratumoral T2WI high signal, early ring enhancement, Epeak, TTP, Ktrans, and Kep are correlated with TNBC-P53 gene mutations.