JUSTIFICATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE EMERGENCY UNLOADING DEVICE OF A CYLINDRICAL HOPPER FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

Effective unloading of a cylindrical hopper for storing agricultural products requires not only the creation of a reliable unloading system, but also an emergency unloading device. A bunker with an emergency unloading function is proposed. A distinctive feature of this hopper is the installation of an unloading hatch above the through central channel, the unloading hatch communicates with the central conveyor by means of a gravity flow consisting of an upper part and a lower part. The upper part of the gravity slide, equipped with an observation window with a lid, is rigidly fixed to the wall of the hopper, and the lower part of the gravity slide is flexible and fixed to the upper part. A methodology for substantiating the parameters of an emergency unloading device is presented, where its main parameters are the dimensions of the cross-section of the gravity well, the length of the gravity well and its angle of inclination, as well as the dimensions of the unloading hatch with a vertical valve and the dimensions of the viewing window with a lid. It is established that the dimensions of the cross-section of the gravity well depend on its geometric shape, length and average speed of movement of products at the end of the gravity well, the degree of filling of the gravity well with products, as well as on the dimensions of the central conveyor, the speed of movement of scrapers, the degree of filling of the trough of the central conveyor and its angle of inclination. The length of the gravity flow is determined based on the initial and final speed of movement of products along the gravity flow, the angle of inclination of the gravity flow and the coefficient of resistance to movement of products along the gravity flow. The angle of inclination of the gravity flow is calculated taking into account the projection of the length of the gravity flow onto a horizontal plane, the initial and final speed of movement of products in the gravity flow and the coefficient of resistance to movement of products along the gravity flow. In this case, the dimensions of the discharge hatch with a vertical valve and the dimensions of the viewing window with a lid are set individually for each case, but the calculated dimensions of the gravity cross-section are necessarily taken into account.