Vehicle–Bridge Coupling of Road–Rail Dual-Use Network Arch Bridge Based on a Noniterative Approach: Parametric Analysis and Case Study

In the realm of road–rail dual-use bridges, conducting accurate vehicle–bridge coupling analysis is crucial, as the combined effects of road traffic and rail transit induce complex dynamic challenges. This study investigates a road–rail dual-use network arch bridge, highlighting the dynamic effects induced by light rail loadings. By employing a noniterative vehicle–bridge coupling analysis method, the dynamic responses of hangers caused by vehicular and light rail loads are effectively captured. Additionally, this study explores the influence of various parameters, including vehicle types, driving lanes, and road surface roughness on the responses of hangers positioned at different locations along the bridge. The findings reveal that light rail induces significantly larger dynamic effects compared to motor vehicles. When the light rail operates closer to the hanger, the responses of hangers are more pronounced. Furthermore, different road surface roughness level notably affects the amplitude of axial stress and bending moment fluctuations. Poorer road conditions amplify these dynamic effects, leading to increased stress variations. These insights underscore the necessity of integrating considerations for both road and rail traffic in the structural analysis and design of network arch bridges to ensure their reliability and serviceability.