Impacts of Socioeconomic Factors on Cognitive Development Among Young Learners: A Case Study of a Selected Primary School in Luanshya District, Zambia

This study explores how socioeconomic factors impact cognitive development in young learners at a primary school in Luanshya District, Zambia. Utilizing a qualitative research design that includes interviews, observations, and document analysis, the research focuses on the effects of income, parental education, and occupation on cognitive domains like memory, focused attention, and problem-solving. Findings indicate that lower socioeconomic backgrounds lead to cognitive deficits due to malnutrition and inadequate resources. Environmental factors, including school infrastructure and community support, significantly influence cognitive abilities. The study underscores the need for tailored interventions, such as improved school resources and support for disadvantaged families, to promote equitable educational opportunities and enhance cognitive development.