NEUROMYTHS AND COGNITIVE HEALTH: A STUDY WITH SENIOR CITIZENS

Neuroscience has witnessed profound scientific and technological advancements over recent decades, transforming our understanding of the brain and leading to significant improvements in both diagnosing and treating neurological disorders. This field of knowledge is an exciting topic for researchers and health professionals, psychologists, educators, and even the general public. The rapid expansion and the complexities of neurosciences have also led to the emergence and spread of several neuromyths. These myths concern various misconceptions or unfounded beliefs arising from incorrect interpretations of neuroscience research and its application in educational settings or other areas. Healthy ageing and maintaining cognitive health are pivotal aspects of life quality in senior populations. As the importance of lifelong education is recognised worldwide, educational endeavours in the form of senior universities play a crucial role in supporting an active and engaged elderly community. This study investigates the prevalence of neuromyths among senior citizens enrolled at senior universities and analyses which attitudes they adopt to maintain their cognitive health. To achieve that purpose, a questionnaire was developed and administered to 64 senior citizens (n=64) enrolled in two senior universities from urban areas in the northern region of Portugal. The questionnaire covered prevalent neuromyths, such as the belief in using only 10% of the brain and other diet-related and cognitive function misconceptions. The results indicate the prevalence of some neuromyths in Portuguese senior citizens attending senior universities. Nevertheless, participants demonstrated some knowledge regarding practices that contribute to good cognitive health. These findings highlight the need for educational outreach and public engagement initiatives by neuroscientists, educators, or science communicators, which can help to demystify brain science and dispel popular neuromyths. By fostering a better understanding of how the brain actually works, we can ensure that the benefits of neuroscience advancements are more fully realised across society and empower individuals to make informed decisions about their cognitive health and well-being.