On Impact of Impulsive Noise on Distributed Heterogeneous Cellular Networks in Industrial IoT

This paper evaluates performance of multitier heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs) with distributed macro-base stations (MBS) and pico-base stations (PBS) using orthogonal multiple access (OMA) to support sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks. In modern industrial environment, an HCN enhances communication by using macro-cells for wide coverage of large machinery and supervisory systems,while pico-cells in densely populated areas like assembly lines provide high data rates and low latency for internet-of-things (IoT) devices, such as sensors and robots. In scenarios such as smart homes, smart grids, and industrial IoT, the deployment is often subject to impulsive electromagnetic interference, significantly affecting the system performance. By employing stochastic geometry, this study investigates and compares the performance change in HCN-OMA under both additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and impulsive noise (Im-N) environments. We employed the Poisson point process (PPP) in HCN to simulate node distributions, as it offers a robust model for evaluating system performance under realistic conditions. The analysis highlights the differences in system behavior across these noise conditions, providing insights into the system’s performance under varying interference scenarios. The evaluation focuses on key performance aspects, such as outage probability, system throughput, and energy efficiency, to analyze the performance of OMA in multi-tier HCNs. The analysis provides insights into the challenges and capabilities of OMA in real-world multi-tier HCN deployments.