Identification Keys to the Family Muridae (Rodentia) from the Ural Region, Based on Dental Characters

To improve the accuracy of identification of isolated molars in the family Muridae, a comparative analysis of the morphotypic and linear dental characteristics of mice from the Ural region of Russia was carried out. Species-specific types of the first and second upper and lower molars of mice were revealed. Dichotomous keys to the family Muridae were compiled, based on both original and literature data concerning the structure of isolated molars. The keys allow for a taxonomic identification to be achieved in those cases when the use of cranial and exterior characters appears impossible. Mouse identification based on dental characters is necessary for solving certain problems of paleontology, paleoecology, and biostratigraphy, as well as in neontological studies aimed at determining the diet of predatory mammals and birds.