Comparative Analysis of the Anti-inflammatory Effects of E-MTA, Ketac-E, and Sealapex on Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

Background: Root Canal Treatments play a critical role in managing periapical and pulp diseases, but failure to control the inflammation may result in treatment failure. Newer developments have targeted anti-inflammatory bioactive sealers as potential contenders. The objective of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory potential of Endoseal E-MTA (E-MTA), Ketac-Endo (Ketac-E), and Sealapex (S-apex) on cultured Human periodontal ligament stem cells. Methods: After Study approval (BMU-EC/06-2022) from Baqai Medical University Karachi, this study was conducted from September 2022 to February 2023. Three Sealers as commercially available products were used on the cultured hPDLSCs via in-vitro experiments and treated with serial concentrations of 20ul, 40ul, and 60ul respectively to perform MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] cell viability assay. Expression profiling via Real Time-PCR of anti-inflammatory biometers was determined via RNA extract from 24h MTT assay due to its greater reproducibility. Data were subjected to statistical analysis (ANOVA Testing) to compare the effectiveness of each sealer using SPSS version 22 with a significant p-value<0.05. Results: E-MTA elicits a noticeably enhanced production of IL-10 (2.97-fold) and TGF-β (3.12-fold) levels than its parent compound MTA, demonstrating enhanced anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory potential while Ketac-Endo and Sealapex showed lesser relative gene fold values Conclusion: It has been concluded that E-MTA exhibits more enhanced bioactivity and capacity to improve the RCT outcome due to reduced inflammation and increased tissue regeneration than Ketac-Endo and Sealapex.