HiRTO: High-Reliable Task Offloading Scheme using Markovian Stackelberg Game Theory

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), the use of smart devices has expanded across various applications. The tasks generated by these devices are huge in number, and processing them directly on IoT devices is limited due to their computational and resource constraint nature. Cloud Computing (CC) has traditionally been widely used for processing these tasks due to its vast computational resources. However, offloading tasks to the cloud often leads to high latency and high bandwidth consumption. Fog-enabled IoT networks (FC-IoT) have emerged as a solution to address these challenges. It contains three main components: IoT devices (end users), Fog Nodes (FNs), and Cloud Computing. FNs with limited computing capabilities than Cloud are positioned closer to IoT devices, helping to reduce resource costs and improve Quality of Service (QoS).