Enhancing Energetic Performance of Fuel‐Rich Solid Propellants Through Polyurethane/Nitrate Ester Blends as Binder

ABSTRACT In enhancing the efficacy of fuel‐rich solid propellants (FRSPs), a potentially effective strategy involves incorporating energetic elements. In pursuit of this goal, polyurethane (PU), serving as a typical inert binder, was blended with nitrate ester explosives, such as nitrocellulose (NC) and nitroglycerin (NG), known for their energetic properties. Various compositions of FRSPs were formulated based on a modified PU binder incorporating NC and a mixture of NC/NG. Theoretical performance parameters of the formulations were determined using the NASA‐CEA Code. Comprehensive characterization of these formulations was conducted through a suite of analytical techniques, including spectroscopic analysis to check the structural integrity of the energetic compounds, calorimetric measurements to assess enthalpic properties, and thermal analysis to determine thermal stability and decomposition behavior. Additionally, combustion analysis was performed to evaluate the burning characteristics of the formulations. This multi‐faceted approach enabled a thorough evaluation of the FRSPs formulations.