The impact of spontaneous and passive detection strategies on infectious disease transmission in multi-space communities

The spread of infectious disease exerts a profound influence on human health and economic stability. Exploring effective strategies for disease control is becoming increasingly critical in the face of public health challenges. In light of this, this paper proposes two detection strategies named spontaneous and passive detection, and examines their efficacy in managing the spread of infectious diseases in multi-space communities. The spontaneous detection strategy swiftly identifies and quarantines infected individuals through nucleic acid testing, while the passive detection strategy involves testing and isolating those who have been in contact with confirmed cases. We employ the Susceptible-Infected-Quarantined-Susceptible (SIQS) model to simulate the infectious disease transmission, while incorporating a scale-free temporal multi-layer network with ‘active nodes hopping between layers, thereby accurately reflecting the intricate structure of realistic multi-space communities. Theoretical analysis and empirical simulations have been meticulously conducted, yielding valuable insights into the impact of two detection strategies on the infectious disease transmission. They show that the spontaneous detection has a more pronounced and significant effect in curbing the spread of infectious disease, while the passive detection helps to further assist in the clearance of infectious disease. The findings reveal that a synergistic approach, where individual-initiated spontaneous detection is complemented by well-targeted government-led passive detection, is exceedingly beneficial for achieving the societal eradication of infectious diseases.