Predictors of Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is typically a chronic disorder, the third most common reason for death worldwide but a significant figure of patients experience exacerbations, which are characterized as an acute worsening of respiratory symptoms imposing a change in treatment. Objective: To find the predictors of renal dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methodology: It was a descriptive observational study and data was collected from the Services Hospital Lahore over a four-month duration. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 143 patients aged between 30 to 60 years of both genders. Patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to GOLD definition. Excluded patients were patients with acute kidney injury or recent episodes of renal dysfunction from the past 3 months, patients already diagnosed with chronic kidney disease or having renal replacement therapy or mentally retarded patients. The data was analyzed through SPSS version 27. Quantitative variables were described using the mean and standard deviation, whereas frequencies and percentages were utilized for qualitative aspects. The Institutional Review Board reviewed the research proposal to ensure it adheres to ethical guidelines and protects participant rights. Results: There were 99 male patients, which is a total population of 69.2%, while there were 44 female patients, which is a total population of 30.8%. There is a significant result between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity and urine output. There is a significant result between urine output and hypoxia. The p-value is considered as significant <0.005. Conclusion: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can cause systemic inflammation, hypoxia and hypercapnia, as well as comorbid conditions that have a significant impact on kidney functions. Derangements in urea and creatinine levels have been linked to poorer outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, including increased mortality and lower quality of life.