Effects of apigenin on the function of human α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes

The effects of apigenin, a plant flavonoid, were investigated using the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique on the function of the cloned α7 subunit of the human nicotinic acetylcholine (α7-nACh) receptor expressed in <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes. Currents induced by ACh (100 μM) were reversibly potentiated by apigenin with an EC₅₀ value of 5.4 µM in a voltage-independent manner. In addition, potentiation by apigenin was significantly diminished by increasing ACh concentrations. Furthermore, apigenin (30 µM) did not alter the specific binding of [¹²⁵I] α-bungarotoxin in oocyte membranes. Moreover, 30 µM apigenin also potentiated [³H] norepinephrine release evoked by nicotine (30 µM) in rat hippocampal slices. Finally, our docking studies carried out for apigenin on nicotinic α7-nACh receptors suggest that apigenin binds to the transmembrane region of the receptor as an allosteric modulator. Taken together, our results indicate that apigenin allosterically potentiates the function of the human α7-nACh receptors expressed in <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes and hippocampal slices.