Multidimensional Impacts of Transmigration Program on Local Communities’ Lives and Transmigrants in Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

The transmigration program has a multidimensional impact on local communities and transmigrants. This research analyses the positive and negative effects of transmigration program implemented by Indonesian Government. The research results show that transmigration program contributes to improving the welfare of local communities and transmigrants, creating social integration, cultural assimilation, and acculturation, providing labor to accelerate regional development, and raising the spirit of nationalism. In another aspect, the transmigration program is considered a failure because it has given rise to agrarian conflicts followed by social tensions between local communities and migrants. Narrowing local community lebensraum is the main cause of agrarian conflict. The unresolved agrarian conflict in Tawamlewe village is an example of the failure of the transmigration program. Keywords: Transmigration impacts, welfare community, social integration, agrarian conflict