The Role of Literary Diplomacy in Cultural Dialogue between Iran and India: An Interdisciplinary Approach Focusing on Rumi and Kipling

This study explores the role of literary diplomacy in strengthening cultural dialogue between Iran and India during the colonial period, focusing on the works of Jalal al-Din Rumi and Rudyard Kipling. The primary objective is to analyze the impact of literature on the cultural relations of these two countries and examine how literature has been utilized as a tool for cultural diplomacy. Employing qualitative, analytical, and comparative methods, data were gathered through textual analysis and expert interviews. The findings indicate that Rumi and Kipling, despite their cultural and historical differences, established profound connections between Iran and India through shared themes such as love, spirituality, and justice. Rumi's works helped preserve Iran's cultural identity and served as a form of resistance against colonial narratives. Similarly, Kipling fostered cultural dialogue between Britain and India by providing an accurate representation of Indian culture. This research emphasizes literary and cultural innovations in enhancing international relations, concluding that literature can effectively promote cultural diplomacy and international understanding. Additionally, it highlights the significance of translation and literary exchange in shaping cultural relations and enhancing mutual understanding between nations.