Meta-Analysis of Local Content Curriculum In Indonesia: a Decade of Insights and Its Role in Achieving SDGs

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the local content curriculum in Indonesia over the last decade, particularly in the context of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This meta-analysis aims to assess its effectiveness in improving student learning outcomes, cultural preservation, and educational equity, as well as the role of digital and non-digital implementation in different education levels and subject areas. Method: This study employs a meta-analysis approach, synthesizing 57 studies from 45 peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2024. A random-effects model was applied to account for heterogeneity across studies. Effect sizes were calculated using Hedges’ g, and moderator analyses were conducted to examine variations by education level, subject area, media type, and sample size. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Egger’s regression, and fail-safe N calculations. Results and Discussion: The results indicate a significant positive effect of the local content curriculum on educational outcomes, with an overall effect size of g=1.947 (95% CI: 1.599–2.294). Heterogeneity was high (I2=93.394%), suggesting variations due to educational settings, implementation strategies, and technological access. The fail-safe N value of 29,967 reinforces the robustness of the findings despite mild publication bias. Research Implications: The study provides empirical evidence supporting the integration of local content curricula to improve student engagement, cultural identity, and educational equity. Policymakers should emphasize localized and technology-enhanced curriculum models to optimize learning experiences. Investments in teacher training, digital infrastructure, and community-based curriculum design are essential to maximize its benefits. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the literature by offering a comprehensive meta-analytical perspective on the effectiveness of local content curricula in Indonesia. Unlike previous studies, it examines the interaction between curriculum implementation and SDGs, particularly SDG 4 (Quality Education). The findings provide actionable insights for education policymakers, curriculum developers, and researchers seeking to balance global education standards with local cultural preservation.