Controlled generation of double-ring-shaped generalized cylindrical vector beams from a YVO4/Nd: YVO4 laser with ring-shaped defect mirror

• A YVO 4 /Nd: YVO 4 solid-state laser for the controlled generation of double-ring-shaped generalized cylindrical vector beams (GCVBs) was introduced and demonstrated by applying the ring-shaped defect mirror and vortex wave plate in the resonator. • The vector eigenvector method was utilized to optimize the mode selection of the resonator by introducing the mode discriminant factor and obtain the TEM 01 mode, which would be transformed into the double-ring-shaped GCVBs. • The double-ring-shaped GCVBs were obtained from the YVO 4 /Nd: YVO 4 laser, with wavelength of 1064.07 nm, laser power of 3.70 W, and slope efficiency of 18.5 %. In this paper, a solid-state laser for the controlled generation of double-ring-shaped generalized cylindrical vector beams (GCVBs) was introduced and demonstrated. A ring-shaped defect mirror was utilized as the rear mirror to suppress the TEM 00 mode and obtain the TEM 01 mode, which was optimized by introducing the mode discriminant factor based on the vector eigenvector method. The linearly polarized TEM 01 mode would be transformed into the double-ring-shaped GCVBs by inserting a vortex wave plate in the resonator. Then, the experimental setup was established to achieve the controlled generation of double-ring-shaped GCVBs from the YVO 4 /Nd: YVO 4 laser, with wavelength of 1064.07 nm, laser power of 3.70 W, and slope efficiency of 18.5 %, which is the first time to achieve the direct generation of double-ring-shaped GCVBs from the solid-state laser with high thermal stability and beam quality, and may facilitate the applications of double-ring-shaped GCVBs in optical trapping, and so on.