Addressing global microneurosurgery education and laboratory training during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: from challenges to innovations

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted transformative innovations in surgical training at the UW-Madison Microneurosurgery Laboratory, including the adoption of remote teaching, home training kits, and the Madison Objective Self-Assessment Tool. These adaptations ensured training continuity and expanded global access, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The lessons learned have shaped a sustainable hybrid training approach that continues to enhance neurosurgical education and address barriers to access.