Childhood adversity effects on older individuals: an empirical study of Brazilians aged 50 and over

Purpose This paper investigates causal connections between childhood adversities and chronic health problems among Brazilians aged 50 and over. Design/methodology/approach The study employed propensity score matching (PSM) using data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil). The sample analyzed consisted of two groups: individuals who experienced childhood adversities and those who did not. Findings Individuals who experienced nutritional and health adversities in childhood are more likely to develop health problems at older ages, such as high blood pressure, osteoporosis, asthma, rheumatism and chronic column problems in adulthood. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this research is the use of a cross-sectional database, which poses challenges such as recall bias and sample selection bias. Practical implications The study reinforces the importance of investing in childhood to mitigate the severity of chronic diseases in later life. Social implications The findings support increased investment in childhood nutritional programs and healthcare, which can improve human capital and reduce long-term medical and economic losses due to chronic diseases. Originality/value While economic research on medical issues is abundant in developed countries, where a predictable causal relationship between childhood adversities and chronic health problems in later life has been established, there is a lack of depth in this research in developing countries, particularly in Brazil. This study aims to contribute to health policy formulation, the development of medical facilities and research in Brazil.